The effectiveness of mixed courts in achieving criminal justice .(Temporary International Criminal Tribunals)

After the experience of ad hoc courts, which the United Nations Security Council played a key role in establishing with the aim of achieving international criminal justice and punishing serious violations of the rules of international humanitarian law, the international community knew at the beginning of the third millennium a new type of international criminal tribunals, called international courts (Internationalized courts), which constituted a new phenomenon in international relations resulting from the circumstances of the end of the Cold War, as a complementary mechanism to international mechanisms to suppress violations of international humanitarian law.  and international human rights law. The establishment of international criminal tribunals was either the intervention of the United Nations, represented by the Security Council, to suppress gross violations of the rules of international humanitarian law and to implement the principle of preventing impunity for international crimes, or in response to the request of the Government of the country concerned, in the hope of fulfilling the demand for transitional justice, given the inability of the judiciary in those States to fully ensure redress for serious violations of the rules of international humanitarian law. Obtain the financial and logistical support and judicial expertise that its national judiciary lacks in the punishment of international crimes.