The debate over the criminalization of conspiracy in jurisprudence and judiciary: a comparative study.

Modern legislation agrees that punishment only applies to acts that go outside the sphere of the self and into the outside world. Merely intending to commit a specific crime is not sufficient to establish criminal responsibility. However, Ghalib deliberately The effect of comparative legislation on criminalizing criminal agreements, which raised the suspicion of the unconstitutionality of this criminalization Some of them generalized its criminalization to all crimes, such as the Kuwaiti legislator, and some of them limited its criminalization to specific crimes, such as the Emirati and Egyptian legislators, such that the criminal agreement does not constitute a crime in itself unless Its purpose was to commit a crime against the security of the state, The results of the research are summarized in the fact that the criminalization of the criminal agreement sparked a major jurisprudential debate between supporters and opponents of the criminalization, which resulted in some people turning to the judiciary to take measures to obtain the unconstitutionality of these criminal texts. The general criminal conspiracy through which persons participating in an agreement seek to commit a crime. Some jurisprudential and judicial opinions tended to indicate the unconstitutionality of criminalizing criminal agreements in general, leaving the criminalization only for criminal agreements that aim to commit a crime affecting the security of the state. We also came up with several recommendations to address the research problem, as we recommend that the Palestinian legislator adopt the jurisprudential and judicial opinions that seek to criminalize the private criminal agreement and develop legal texts in a special section related to state security crimes, and we recommend that the Palestinian legislator tighten the contract. Against those in charge of managing the criminal agreement and the instigators of this agreement in particular. In the Palestinian Penal Code No. (74) of 1936.