Criminal responsibility and crimes violating Law No. 138 of 2021 concerning sovereign bonds.

Document Type : Original Article

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Faculty of Law - Mansoura University

Abstract

Sovereign bonds are issued in the form of paper or electronic certificates according to the conditions and specifications set by the executive regulations of this law, and the duration is specified in the bond. Sovereign bonds are issued in Egyptian pounds or foreign currencies through public or private offerings in the local market or international markets as part of the state's efforts to improve financial performance, achieve short-term and long-term targets, and reduce the general budget deficit. This is done through several means, including: "reducing the debt service bill, increasing the maturity of the debt portfolio, creating mechanisms and means to finance the general budget deficit, and diversifying funding sources by providing new products for the debt instruments market, developing its mechanisms, and stimulating demand for government issuances of securities and debt instruments issued in local currency and foreign currencies."

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