The nature of despotism and its effects and the methods of combat It in Islamic Fiqh - A Comparative Study.

The Islamic and Arab world is witnessing a phenomenon of despotism regardless of the difference of type and nature of the ruling system. Despotism has left a heavy legacy in the history of societies, and our Islamic and Arab societies have had the largest share in it, and it is a heavy legacy in terms of its size that has accumulated on us over the centuries, in terms of its causes and manifold effects. And when talking about despotism, it means the political despotism in particular, because it is the greatest manifestation of tyranny and the most harmful to society. This research aims to clarify the nature of despotism and the differences between Western political terminology and their mixing with Arabic terminology related to the phenomenon of despotism , starting from the human psyche and passing through the legal, economic and security aspects, and explaining its devastating effects on the national state, and then its effects on the international community, And explaining the Islamic Fiqh vision of despotism. And tyranny, and ways to combat this phenomenon, and make a comparison between the findings of contemporary political constitutional theories, and the extent of their effectiveness in dispelling the phenomenon of despotism, and evaluate this from the perspective of Islamic Fiqh , and clarify its ability to address this phenomenon, The research is also appended with a conclusion containing the most important results and recommendations learned to combat this phenomenon.